How are Bio-Organic Fertilizers Produced?

Bio-organic fertilizers are a crucial support for green agricultural development. Their production follows natural laws and relies on standardized operations facilitated by bio-organic fertilizer production lines. The core process involves using microorganisms to convert organic waste into high-quality fertilizers rich in nutrients and beneficial microorganisms, achieving resource utilization of waste while improving soil and enhancing crop quality. The production process mainly consists of three key stages: raw material pretreatment, microbial fermentation and maturation, and post-processing and shaping.

Raw material pretreatment is the foundation of production and directly affects the fermentation effect. Raw materials are mostly organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, and garden waste.  These materials must first be screened and sorted to remove impurities such as stones and plastics, and then the straw is crushed to 2-5 centimeters to increase the contact area for microorganisms. Technicians also need to precisely adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25:1-30:1 and the moisture content to 55%-60% to create optimal conditions for microbial activity.

Microbial fermentation and maturation is the core stage. The pre-treated raw materials are mixed evenly with a special composting agent containing Bacillus subtilis and other microorganisms, and then sent to the fermentation tank. Windrow or trough fermentation methods are used, with regular turning to ensure sufficient oxygen and even temperature distribution. During fermentation, microbial metabolism generates heat, raising the temperature to above 55°C and maintaining it for 5-7 days, which kills pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds. The entire fermentation cycle takes 20-45 days, during which temperature and humidity are monitored and adjusted as needed.  Maturation is complete when the material is dark brown, odorless, and loose and friable.

Post-processing and shaping is a crucial stage for improving the quality of bio-organic fertilizers and ensuring stable storage and transportation. The process is rigorous and interconnected. First, the matured material is subjected to secondary fine screening using bio-organic fertilizer equipment to separate out incompletely decomposed impurities and large particles, ensuring uniform fertilizer particle size. Then, the screened material is sent to a granulator to be processed into uniformly sized granules. The granular form not only facilitates precise application by farmers but also reduces nutrient loss in the field, improving fertilizer utilization efficiency. After granulation, the material enters the drying process.Low-temperature drying technology is used to strictly control the moisture content of the granular material to below 15%. This effectively inhibits mold growth, preventing spoilage during storage and transportation, and extending the product's shelf life. The material then undergoes cooling and a third screening process. Finally, the finished product is tested for key indicators such as nutrient content and microbial count. Only after passing these tests is it quantitatively packaged and stored in the warehouse, ultimately becoming a high-quality bio-organic fertilizer widely applicable to farmland, orchards, and vegetable bases.

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