What equipment is needed for bio fertilizer production?

Bio-fertilizer, as an important support for ecological agriculture, requires specialized equipment for its production process to achieve raw material conversion, fermentation, and finished product processing. The core equipment can be divided into four main categories according to the production process.

The raw material pretreatment stage is fundamental, requiring crushing and mixing equipment. Raw materials such as straw and livestock manure need to be crushed to 20-40 mesh using a crusher to ensure sufficient contact between microorganisms and the raw materials. A double axis mixer can evenly mix the crushed raw materials with inoculum and auxiliary materials in a specific ratio. The uniformity of mixing directly affects the fermentation efficiency. This equipment also has a variable frequency speed control function to adapt to different raw material ratio requirements.

The fermentation stage is crucial, with the core equipment being a compost turning machine and a fermentation tank. Open-air fermentation farms commonly use windrow compost turning machines to periodically turn the raw materials, ensuring oxygen supply and temperature regulation. This maintains the fermentation temperature between 55-65℃ to kill pathogens. Large-scale production often employs closed fermentation tanks equipped with temperature and humidity sensors and automatic ventilation systems. This allows for precise control of fermentation parameters, shortening the composting cycle to 7-15 days while reducing odor emissions.

The post-processing stage requires drying, screening, and granulation. The main equipment includes a drum dryer, a vibrating screen, and a granulator. The drum fertilizer dryer uses hot air circulation to reduce the moisture content of the fermented material to below 12%, preventing mold growth in the finished product. The vibrating screen separates impurities and substandard particles, ensuring product uniformity. The granulator is crucial for shaping the physical form of the bio-fertilizer; its working principle involves compressing and agglomerating loose materials into particles of a specific size through mechanical force or binding action. Among common types, disc granulators utilize the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of a disc to roll the material into spheres within the disc. Suitable for materials with a moisture content of 15%-20%, they offer advantages such as simple structure and low energy consumption, and are primarily used in small- to medium-sized production. Extrusion granulators, on the other hand, use screws or rollers to extrude the material from a die, eliminating the need for additional binders and better preserving the activity of beneficial microorganisms. Suitable for materials with a moisture content of 10%-15%, they are more suitable for large-scale production of high-quality bio-fertilizers. Both types of machines can control the particle size to 2-4mm, significantly improving product flowability, preventing clumping during transportation, and facilitating precise quantitative application by farmers.

The finished product packaging stage relies heavily on packaging machines. Automatic packaging machines precisely control the weight of each bag (error ±0.5%), improving packaging efficiency, and are equipped with conveyor systems for automated transfer and storage of finished products.

These devices work together to form a complete system for large-scale bio-fertilizer production, ensuring stable product quality and providing technical support for the development of ecological agriculture.