What are the raw materials used in bio-organic fertilizer production?

The stable operation of a bio-organic fertilizer production line and the quality of its finished product begin with the scientific selection and proper combination of raw materials. The varying nutritional composition and composting difficulty of different raw materials directly impact the production line's process design and the efficacy of the final fertilizer. The main raw materials can be divided into four categories, which together support the large-scale production of green fertilizers.

Agricultural waste is the most basic and readily available raw material for bio-organic fertilizer production lines. Crop straw, such as corn stalks, rice straw, and wheat straw, after being processed by pulverizers, provides a sufficient carbon source for the production line and is the core source of organic matter for organic fertilizers. Leaf residue from vegetable cultivation, prunings from fruit trees, and peanut and cottonseed shells from agricultural product processing, after pre-treatment to remove impurities, can be combined with straw to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio, laying the foundation for subsequent composting and fermentation, while also achieving the recycling of agricultural waste.

Livestock and poultry manure is the "nutrient core" of bio-organic fertilizer production lines. Manure from large-scale livestock farming, such as chicken, cow, sheep, and pig manure, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements, making it the primary carrier of key nutrients in organic fertilizers. However, these raw materials must first be processed through solid-liquid separation equipment to remove excess water before entering the fermentation stage to kill pathogens and insect eggs, preventing any harmful residues and ensuring that the organic fertilizer produced by the production line meets safety standards.

Industrial byproducts serve as "supplementary raw materials" for the production line. Wine grains from the brewing industry, potato residue from starch processing, and filter mud from the sugar industry are rich in protein, organic acids, and minerals, enhancing the nutritional diversity of organic fertilizers. Pulp residue from paper mills and medicinal residue from traditional Chinese medicine factories, after being rendered harmless, can be used as supplementary organic matter, reducing the environmental impact of industrial waste while providing a low-cost source of raw materials for the production line.

Microbial carrier raw materials are the "functional guarantee" of the production line. Materials such as peat, humus, and vermiculite are often used as carriers of microbial agents due to their good air permeability and strong adsorption capacity. They are added in the mixing stage of the production line to ensure the stable survival of beneficial bacteria, ultimately allowing biological organic fertilizers to have the dual functions of nutrient supply and soil improvement.